• ~× فضفِـض ×~

• It was suggested that we have two separate sensory stores - a visual one referred to as iconic memory and an auditory one called echoic memory.

In both, the trace of the stimulus appeared to fade quickly.

was suggested that iconic traces lasted for only about 0.5 seconds;

but that echoic traces lasted longer, with a-first phase of about 0.25 seconds for pattern recognition and a second phase of at least 3 seconds as a back-up against which an interpretation could be checked.

• Let us follow this path in terms of a reader reading a single word:
✓ The reader briefly retains an image in their sensory store of the actual word as it
appears on the page.
✓ The form of the word is passed to Short Term Memory (STM), which stores current
information.
✓ In order to identify the word, the reader needs to make a lexical search. However, the
STM only holds temporary information needed for immediate purposes. So, it has to
extract lexical information from Long Term Memory.